• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    cable-type secondary battery The present disclosure provides a cable-type secondary battery comprising: an internal electrode; a separating layer around the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer electrode in the form of a sheet coiled in a spiral to enclose the separating layer or inner electrode.
    公开号:BR112014017443B1
    申请号:R112014017443-1
    申请日:2014-05-07
    公开日:2021-06-22
    发明作者:Yo-Han Kwon；Hye-Ran JUNG；Eun-kyung Kim；Je-Young Kim；Hyo-Mi Kim
    申请人:Lg Chem, Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [001] The present disclosure relates to a cable-type secondary battery that can freely change shape, and more specifically to a cable-type secondary battery constructed to be prevented from releasing a layer of active material from the electrode and to have Improved electrode flexibility.
    [002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0051562 filed in the Republic of Korea on May 7, 2013, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
    [003] Also, this application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-20140054276 filed in the Republic of Korea May 7, 2014, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference. DESCRIPTION OF RELATED TECHNIQUE
    [004] Secondary batteries are devices capable of storing energy in chemical form and converting to electrical energy to generate electricity when needed. Secondary batteries are also referred to as rechargeable batteries because they can be recharged repeatedly. Common secondary batteries include lead accumulators, NiCd batteries, NiMH accumulators, Li ion batteries, Li ion polymer batteries, and the like. When compared to single disposable batteries, not only are secondary batteries more economically efficient, they are also more environmentally friendly.
    [005] Secondary batteries are currently used in applications that require low electrical energy, for example, equipment to start vehicles, mobile devices, tools, uninterruptible power supplies, and the like. Recently, as the development of wireless communication technologies has led to the popularization of mobile devices and even the mobilization of many types of conventional devices, the demand for secondary batteries has increased dramatically. Secondary batteries are also used in environmentally friendly new generation vehicles such as hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles to reduce costs and weight and to extend the life of the vehicles.
    [006] Secondary batteries generally have a cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch shape. This is associated with a process of manufacturing secondary batteries in which an electrode assembly composed of an anode, a cathode, and a separator is mounted in a cylindrical or prismatic metal casing or in a pouch or foil package. laminated aluminum, and in which the casing is filled with electrolyte. Because a predetermined mounting space for the electrode assembly is required in this process, the cylindrical, prismatic or pouch shape of the secondary batteries is a limitation in the development of various forms of mobile devices. Consequently, there is a need for secondary batteries of a new structure that are easily adaptable in shape.
    [007] To fulfill this need, suggestions have been made to develop cable-type batteries that have a very high ratio of length to cross-sectional diameter. Cable-type batteries are easy in shape variation, being subjected to stress due to external force for shape variation. Also, the active material layer of the cable-type battery electrode can be released by rapid volume expansion during the charging and discharging processes. For these reasons, the capacity of batteries may be reduced and their lifetime characteristics may deteriorate.
    [008] Such a problem can be solved, to a certain degree, by increasing the amount of a binder used in the active material layer of the electrode to provide flexibility during bending or twisting. However, increasing an amount of binder in the active material layer of the electrode causes an increase in the resistance of the electrode to deteriorate battery performance. Also, when intense external forces are applied, for example in the case where the electrodes are fully bent, the release of the active material layer from the electrode cannot be prevented even if the amount of a binder becomes increased. Consequently, this method is insufficient to solve such problems. DISCLOSURE SUMMARY
    [009] The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and therefore the present disclosure is directed to providing a cable-type battery that can be mitigated from the generation of cracks in an active material layer of the electrode by external forces, and equally can be prevented from releasing the active material layer from the electrode of a current collector even if severe cracks are present.
    [010] In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a cable-type secondary battery comprising: an internal electrode; a separating layer that wraps around the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer sheet-shaped electrode helically wound to enclose the separating layer or inner electrode.
    [011] The separating layer can be laminated on the outer electrode to form a separating layer outer electrode assembly, and the separating layer outer electrode assembly can be helically wound to enclose the inner electrode.
    [012] However, the outer electrode in sheet form can be in the form of a strip uniaxially extended.
    [013] The outer sheet-shaped electrode may be helically wound so that it does not overlap its width or overlap its width.
    [014] The sheet-shaped outer electrode may comprise an outer current collector and a layer of active material of the outer electrode formed on a surface of the outer current collector.
    [015] Also, the sheet-shaped outer electrode may further comprise a first porous support layer formed in the active material layer of the outer electrode.
    [016] In addition, the outer sheet-shaped electrode may further comprise a porous coating layer formed on the first porous support layer and comprise a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer.
    [017] In addition, the sheet-shaped external electrode may further comprise a second support layer formed on another surface of the external current collector.
    [018] Additionally, the sheet-shaped outer electrode may further comprise a conductive layer between the active material layer of the outer electrode and the first support layer, the conductive layer comprising a conductive material and a binder.
    [019] However, the inner electrode may comprise one or more internal current collectors and a layer of active material of the inner electrode formed on a surface of the internal current collector.
    [020] The inner electrode can be a hollow structure whose central part is empty.
    [021] The internal current collector comprised in the internal electrode may be one or more wires that are helically wound, one or more sheets that are helically wound, or two or more wires that are helically wound with each other .
    [022] Also, the internal electrode can be provided with an internal current collector core, a lithium ion supply core comprising an electrolyte, or a filler core therein.
    [023] The core for supplying lithium ions may further comprise a polymer gel electrolyte and a support, or may further comprise a liquid electrolyte and a porous vehicle.
    [024] However, the inner electrode may have a structure in which the active material layer of the inner electrode is formed across the surface of the inner current collector, or a structure in which the active material layer of the inner electrode is formed to wrap the outer surface of the inner current collector.
    [025] Also, the inner electrode may further comprise a polymer support layer formed on a surface of the active material layer of the inner electrode.
    [026] The polymer support layer can be a porous layer that has a pore size of 0.01 to 10 µm and a porosity of 5 to 95%.
    [027] Likewise, the polymer support layer may comprise a linear polymer with polarity, a linear polymer based on oxide or a mixture thereof.
    [028] The linear polymer with polarity can be selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene polyethylene imine, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyethylene-co- (vinyl acetate), polyarylate, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide and a mixture thereof.
    [029] The oxide-based linear polymer can be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyoxymethylene, polydimethylsiloxane and a mixture thereof.
    [030] The internal current collector can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper; stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on its surface; an aluminum-cadmium alloy; a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on its surface; or a conductive polymer.
    [031] The conductive material used in the internal current collector can be selected from the group consisting of polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfurnitride, indium-tin oxide, silver, palladium, nickel and a mixture of these.
    [032] The conductive polymer used in the internal current collector can be selected from the group consisting of polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfurnitride and a mixture of these.
    [033] However, the external current collector may be in the form of a mesh.
    [034] Also, at least one of the internal current collector and the external current collector may further comprise a layer of the primary coating consisting of a conductive material and a binder.
    [035] The external current collector may have a plurality of recesses on at least one surface thereof.
    [036] The plurality of recesses can be continuously shaped or intermittently shaped.
    [037] In addition, the external current collector can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper; stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on its surface; an aluminum-cadmium alloy; a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on its surface; a conductive polymer; a metal binder comprising metal powders of Ni, Al, Au, Ag, Pd/Ag, Cr, Ta, Cu, Ba or ITO; or a carbon binder comprising carbon powders from graphite, carbon black or carbon nanotube.
    [038] However, the first support layer can be a porous membrane in the form of mesh or a non-woven fabric.
    [039] The first backing layer can be made from any one selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate, and a mixture thereof.
    [040] Also, the first support layer may further comprise a coating layer of conductive material that has a conductive material and a binder on its upper surface.
    [041] In the coating layer of conductive material, the conductive material and the binder can be present in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 99:1.
    [042] However, the second backing layer can be a polymer film which can be made of any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, polyamide and a mixture thereof.
    [043] The conductive layer can be formed from a mixture of conductive material and binder in a weight ratio of 1:10 to 8:10.
    [044] Also, the conductive layer can be a porous layer that has a pore size of 0.01 to 5 µm and a porosity of 5 to 70%.
    [045] The conductive material can comprise any one selected from the group consisting of carbon black, acetylene black, black ketjen, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene and a mixture thereof.
    [046] The binder can be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene, polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone , polyethylene-co- (vinyl acetate), polyethylene oxide, polyarylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethyl-polyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose, styrene rubber - butadiene, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, polyimide and a mixture thereof.
    [047] The electrolyte that is used in the core for supplying lithium ions can be selected from a non-aqueous electrolyte solution using ethylcarbonate (EC), propylcarbonate (PC), butylcarbonates (BC), vinylene carbonate ( CV), diethylcarbonate (DEC), dimethylcarbonate (DMC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), methyl formate (FM), Y-butyrolactone (Y-BL), sulfolane, methyl acetate (AM) or methyl propionate; a polymer gel electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN or PVAc; and a continuous electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PO), poly(ether imine) (PEI), polyethylene sulfide (PES), or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
    [048] The electrolyte can further comprise a lithium salt that can be selected from LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, (CF3SO2) 2NLi, lithium chloroborate, lower aliphatic lithium carbonate, lithium tetraphenylborate, and a mixture of these.
    [049] However, the inner electrode can be an anode or a cathode, and the outer electrode can be a cathode or an anode corresponding to the inner electrode.
    [050] When the inner electrode is an anode and the outer electrode is a cathode, the active material of the inner electrode can comprise any one selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite or carbonaceous materials; lithium-titanium complex oxide (LTO) and metals (ME) including Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni and Fe; alloys of metals; an oxide (MeOx) of metals; a complex of metals and carbon; and a mixture of these, and the active material of the external electrode can comprise any one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoPO4, LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2, LiNi1-xy-zCoxM1yM2zO2 (where M1 and M2 are each selected independent of the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg and Mo, ex, y and z are each independent an atomic fraction of the oxide-forming elements, where 0 < x < 0.5, 0 < y < 0.5, 0 ^ z < 0.5, and x+y+z < 1), and a mixture thereof.
    [051] Alternatively, when the inner electrode is a cathode and the outer electrode is an anode, the active material of the inner electrode may comprise any selected from the group consisting of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoPO4, LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2, LiNi1-xy -zCoxM1yM2zO2 (where M1 and M2 are each selected independently from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg and Mo, ex, y and z are each independently a fraction atomic oxide-forming elements, where 0 < x < 0.5, 0 < y < 0.5, 0 ^ z < 0.5, and x+y+z < 1), and a mixture thereof, and the active material of the external electrode may comprise any one selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, or carbonaceous material; lithium-titanium complex oxide (LTO), and metals comprising Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni and Fe; alloys of metals; an oxide (MeOx) of metals; a complex of metals and carbon; and a mixture of these.
    [052] However, the separating layer can be an electrolyte layer or a separator.
    [053] The electrolyte layer may comprise an electrolyte selected from a polymer gel electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PMMA, PVdF-HFP, PAN, or PVAc; and a continuous electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), poly(ether imine) (PEI), polyethylene sulfide (PES), or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
    [054] The electrolyte layer can further comprise a lithium salt, which can be selected from the group consisting of LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, (CF3SO2)2NLi, lithium chloroborate, a lower aliphatic lithium carbonate, a lithium tetraphenylborate, and a mixture of these.
    [055] The separator may be a porous polymer substrate made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, propylene homopolymers, ethylene-butene copolymers, ethylene-hexene copolymers, and ethylene-hexene copolymers. ethylene methacrylate; a porous polymer substrate made from a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyacetals, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimides, polyether ether ketones, polyether sulfones, polyphenylene oxides, polyphenylene sulfides and polyethylene naphthalates; a porous substrate made from a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer; or a separator having a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate and comprising inorganic particles and a binder polymer.
    [056] Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cable-type secondary battery comprising: a core for the supply of lithium ions comprising an electrolyte; an inner electrode comprising one or more wire-shaped internal current collectors which are wound to surround the outer surface of the core for the supply of lithium ions, and a layer of active material from the inner electrode on a surface of the inner current collector wire-shaped; a separating layer that surrounds the outer surface of the inner electrodes to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and a sheet-shaped outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer, where the outer electrode comprises an outer current collector, a layer of the active material of the outer electrode formed on a surface of the outer current collector, a conductive layer formed on the active material layer of the external electrode and comprising a conductive material and a binder, a first porous support layer formed on the conductive layer, and a second support layer formed on another surface of the external current collector.
    [057] The outer electrode can be helically wound to enclose the separating layer.
    [058] According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a cable-type secondary battery comprising: two or more internal electrodes arranged parallel to each other; a separating layer that surrounds the outer surface of the inner electrodes to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer sheet-shaped electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer.
    [059] The outer electrode can be helically wound to enclose the separating layer.
    [060] According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a cable-type secondary battery comprising: two or more cores for supplying lithium ions, comprising an electrolyte; two or more inner electrodes arranged parallel to each other, each inner electrode comprising one or more wire-shaped internal current collectors which is wound to surround the outer surface of each core for the supply of lithium ions, and a layer of active material of the inner electrode formed on a wire-shaped inner current collector surface; a separating layer that surrounds the outer surface of the inner electrodes to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and a sheet-shaped outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer, where the outer electrode comprises an outer current collector, an outer electrode active material layer formed on a surface of the outer current collector, a conductive layer formed on the active material layer of the external electrode and comprising a conductive material and a binder, a first porous support layer formed on the conductive layer, and a second support layer formed on another surface of the external current collector.
    [061] The outer electrode can be helically wound to enclose the separating layer.
    [062] Likewise, the internal current collector comprised in the internal electrode may be one or more wires being helically wound, or one or more sheets being helically wound.
    [063] Thus, the cable-type secondary battery of the present disclosure has support layers on both surfaces of a sheet-shaped outer electrode to exhibit surprisingly improved electrode flexibility.
    [064] Supporting layers act as a buffer to reduce crack generation in an electrode active material layer even though the amount of a binder in an electrode active material layer is not increased. In this way, the release of the active material layer from the electrode of a current collector can be prevented.
    [065] From this, the battery capacity can be prevented from decreasing and the characteristic lifetime of the batteries can be improved.
    [066] Also, the cable-type secondary battery of the present disclosure has a conductive layer on the upper surface of an active material layer of the outer electrode to provide increased conductivity.
    [067] In addition, the cable-type secondary battery of the present disclosure has a porous support layer to allow the good introduction of an electrolyte solution into an active material layer of the electrode, and likewise the electrolyte solution can be impregnated into the porous support layer pores to inhibit a rise in resistance in the battery, thereby preventing deterioration of battery performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [068] Other objects and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following descriptions of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    [069] Figure 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a cable-type secondary battery that has an external wire-shaped current collector according to a comparative example of the present disclosure.
    [070] Figure 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a cable-type secondary battery that has an external sheet-shaped current collector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [071] Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a cable-type secondary battery that has an external sheet-shaped current collector according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [072] Figure 4 is a schematic view showing a cross section of an external sheet-shaped current collector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [073] Figure 5 is a perspective view schematically showing a cable-type secondary battery that has an external sheet-shaped current collector according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [074] Figure 6 shows a surface of a mesh-shaped current collector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [075] Figure 7 schematically shows a surface of a current collector that has a plurality of recesses according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [076] Figure 8 schematically shows a surface of a current collector that has a plurality of recesses according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [077] Figure 9 schematically shows an outer sheet-shaped electrode being wound on the outer surface of a separating layer.
    [078] Figure 10 shows a cross section of a cable-type secondary battery that has two or more internal electrodes according to the present disclosure.
    [079] Figure 11 is a graph showing the useful life characteristics of cable-type secondary batteries prepared in the Example and Comparative Example of the present disclosure.
    [080] Figure 12 is a graph showing a change from capacity to current density of cable-type secondary batteries prepared in the Example and Comparative Example of the present disclosure.
    [081] Figure 13 is a graph showing the change in the discharge profile under severe bending conditions of a cable-type secondary battery prepared in the Example of the present disclosure. <Explanation of Reference Numerals>10, 100, 200, 300 : Cable-type secondary battery11, 110, 210, 310: Core for supplying lithium ions12, 120, 220, 320: Wire-shaped internal current collector13, 130, 230, 330: Active material layer of the internal electrode14 , 140, 240, 340: Separation layer15, 151, 351: External current collector16, 152, 352: External electrode active material layer17, 160, 260, 360: Protective coating20, Cable-type secondary battery21, Internal electrode24 , Separation layer25, External electrode150, 250, 350: External electrode153, 353: Conductive layer154, 354: First support layer155, 355: Second support layer DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITY
    [082] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to the description, it should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the added claims are not to be construed as limited to general and dictionary meanings, but to be interpreted based on the meanings and concepts that correspond to the technical aspects of the present disclosure based on the principle that the inventor is allowed to properly define terms for the best explanation.
    [083] Consequently, the description proposed here is only a preferable example for the purpose of illustrations only, not intending to limit the scope of disclosure, so it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications could be made thereto without departing from the spirit and of the scope of disclosure.
    [084] Figure 1 shows a cable-type secondary battery that has an external wire-shaped current collector according to a comparative example of the present disclosure and Figures 2 to 5 schematically show an external electrode in sheet form and a cable-type secondary battery having the outer sheet-shaped electrode in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [085] Referring to Figures 1 to 5, a cable-type secondary battery 10 according to a comparative example of the present disclosure has an external wire-wound current collector 15 and a layer of active material of the external electrode 16 formed through dip coating to wrap the outer surface of the external current collector. The external current collector 15, which is configured in the form of a wire, provides poor electron transfer during battery charging and discharging, compared to a sheet-shaped current collector, because a linear resistance is greater than the than a sheet resistor in the form of a wire. As a result, the internal resistance of the battery is increased, thereby deteriorating the rate characteristic of the battery and leading to the characteristic of poor battery life even under the high rate conditions.
    [086] Also, the active material layer of the outer electrode 16 may be cracked on its surface, even though the active material layer of the outer electrode is protected from its shape change by a protective coating under external bonding or twisting conditions as it is formed by a dip coating method. Crack generation can adversely affect electrode flexibility.
    [087] In order to solve this problem, the cable-type secondary battery of the present disclosure is configured to have an external sheet-shaped electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer and formed by being helically wound.
    [088] That is, a cable-type secondary battery 20, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, comprises an internal electrode 21; a separating layer 24 surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode 21 to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer electrode 25 in sheet form which surrounds the separating layer 24 or the inner electrode 21 and formed by being helically wound.
    [089] The separating layer 24 can be formed by completely enclosing the outer surface of the inner electrode 21.
    [090] Also, although not shown in the drawings, the outer electrode can be disposed on the outside of the separating layer and can be helically wrapped to completely enclose the separating layer or the inner electrode.
    [091] In addition, the separating layer can be laminated on the outer electrode to form a separating layer-external electrode assembly, and the separating layer-external electrode assembly can be helically wound to enclose the inner electrode.
    [092] The term “helical-shaped” used here refers to representing a shape of the helix that rotates around in a certain area as it moves, including general spring shapes.
    [093] In the present disclosure, the external electrode may comprise an external current collector and an active material layer of the external electrode formed on a surface of the external current collector.
    [094] Of this, in the separation layer-external electrode assembly of the cable-type secondary battery, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the separation layer may come into contact with the active material layer of the external electrode or the collector external current.
    [095] The separation layer-external electrode assembly can be integrated by adhesion, for example, the separation layer-external electrode assembly can be formed by adhering and integrating the separation layer and the external electrode through a lamination process roll print.
    [096] As will be described below, the outer sheet-shaped electrode 25 may further comprise a first support layer formed on its outer surface and a second support layer formed on another surface thereof, thereby solving the occurrence of cracking on the surface of an active material layer of the outer electrode.
    [097] The outer sheet-shaped electrode may be in the form of a uniaxially extended strip.
    [098] Also, the outer sheet-shaped electrode 25 can be helically wound so that it is neither overlapped in its width nor overlapped in its width. For example, in order to prevent deterioration of battery performances, the outer sheet-shaped electrode 25 can be helically wound with space within the double length of its width so that it does not overlap.
    [099] Alternatively, the outer sheet-shaped electrode 25 can be helically wound by overlapping its width. In this case, in order to inhibit an excessive rise of resistance within the battery, the outer sheet-shaped electrode 25 can be helically wound so that the width of its overlapping portion can be within 0.9 folds of the width of the itself. external electrode in sheet form 25.
    [100] The sheet-shaped outer electrode may comprise an outer current collector and an outer electrode active material layer formed on a surface of the outer current collector.
    [101] Also, the sheet-shaped outer electrode may further comprise a first porous support layer formed on the active material layer of the outer electrode.
    [102] Furthermore, the outer sheet-shaped electrode may further comprise a coating layer of conductive material comprising a conductive material and a binder in the first porous support layer, and may also further comprise a porous coating layer comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a binding polymer in the first porous support layer.
    [103] In the porous coating layer formed from inorganic particles and a binding polymer, the inorganic particles are bounded by the binding polymer (ie, the binding polymer connects and immobilizes the inorganic particles), and likewise the porous coating layer maintains the binding state with the first support layer by the binding polymer. In such a porous coating layer, the inorganic particles are filled in contact with each other, from which interstitial volumes are formed between the inorganic particles. The interstitial volumes between the inorganic particles are transformed into empty spaces to form the pores.
    [104] However, the outer sheet-shaped electrode may further comprise a second support layer formed on another surface of the outer current collector.
    [105] Also, the sheet-shaped outer electrode may further comprise a conductive layer between the active material layer of the outer electrode and the first support layer and comprising a conductive material and a binder.
    [106] However, the inner electrode may comprise one or more internal current collectors and a layer of the active material from the inner electrode formed on a surface of the inner current collector.
    [107] The inner electrode may be a hollow structure whose central part is empty.
    [108] The internal current collector comprised in the internal electrode can be one or more wires that are helically wound or one or more sheets that are helically wound.
    [109] Alternatively, the internal current collector can be two or more wires that are being helically crossed with each other.
    [110] Also, the internal electrode can be provided with an internal current collector core in it.
    [111] The core of the internal current collector can be made of carbon nanotube, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper; stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on its surface; an aluminum-cadmium alloy; a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on its surface; a conductive polymer.
    [112] Alternatively, the internal electrode can be provided with a core for the supply of lithium ions, which comprises an electrolyte therein.
    [113] The core for delivering lithium ions can comprise a polymer gel electrolyte and a support.
    [114] Also, the core for supplying lithium ions can comprise a liquid electrolyte and a porous vehicle.
    [115] Alternatively, the inner electrode can be provided with a filling core in it.
    [116] The filler core can be made from a variety of materials to improve various performances of cable-type batteries, for example, polymer, rubber and inorganic resins, in addition to the materials that make up the core of the internal current collector and the core for the supply of lithium ions, and it can also take various forms including wire, fiber, powder, mesh and foam.
    [117] Meanwhile, a cable-type secondary battery 100, 200, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, comprises a core 110, 210 for supplying lithium ions, which comprises an electrolyte; an inner electrode comprising one or more wire-shaped internal current collectors 120, 220 which are wound to surround the outer surface of the core 110, 210 for the supply of lithium ions, and a layer of active material of the inner electrode 130 , 230 formed on a wire-shaped inner current collector surface 120, 220; a separating layer 140, 240 that surrounds the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer sheet-shaped electrode 150, 250 surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer 140, 240, where the outer electrode 150, 250 comprises an outer current collector 151, an active material layer of the outer electrode 152 formed in a surface of the outer current collector 151, in a conductive layer 153 formed in the active material layer of the outer electrode 152 and comprising a conductive material and a binder, a first porous support layer 154 formed in the conductive layer 153, and a second layer bracket 155 formed on another surface of the external current collector 151.
    [118] The outer electrode can be helically wound to enclose the separating layer.
    [119] The cable-type secondary battery of the present disclosure has a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape, a linear structure extending in the longitudinal direction, and flexibility so that it can freely change in shape. The term "a predetermined form" used herein is not limited to any particular form, and refers to any form that does not impair the nature of the present disclosure.
    [120] The inner electrode may have a structure in which the active material layer of the inner electrode is formed across the surface of the inner current collector, or a structure in which the active material layer of the inner electrode is formed to enclose the surface of the internal current collector.
    [121] For the structure in which the active material layer of the inner electrode is formed across the surface of a wire-shaped internal current collector, in the case shown in Figure 3, the active material layer of the inner electrode 130 may be formed on a surface of a wire-shaped inner current collector 120 before the wire-shaped inner current collector 120 is wound on the outer surface of core 110 for the supply of lithium ions, and in the case shown in Figure 5, the active material layer of the inner electrode 230 can be formed on a surface of two or more wire-shaped internal current collectors 220 and then two or more wire-shaped internal current collectors 220 can be wound together when crossing each other, which is favorable in improving battery rate characteristics.
    [122] For the structure in which the active material layer of the inner electrode is formed to surround the outer surface of an inner wire-wound current collector, an inner current collector may be wrapped on the outer surface of a core to the supply of lithium ions, and a layer of active material from the inner electrode is then formed to enclose the outer surface of the inner current collector in the form of a coiled wire.
    [123] Also, the inner electrode may further comprise a polymer support layer formed on a surface of the active material layer of the inner electrode.
    [124] In the case where the active material layer of the inner electrode further comprises a polymer support layer on a surface thereof, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, although the inner electrode is in the form of a coiled wire, it is possible to prevent cracking from occurring even when the cable-type secondary battery is bent by external force. In this way, the release of the active material layer from the inner electrode can be prevented to minimize the deterioration of battery performance. In addition, the polymer support layer may have a porous structure that allows good introduction of an electrolyte solution into the active material layer of the inner electrode, thereby preventing a rise in the electrode resistance.
    [125] In the present disclosure, the polymer support layer may comprise a linear polymer with polarity, a linear oxide-based polymer, or a mixture thereof.
    [126] The linear polymer with polarity can be selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene, polyethylene imine, polymethyl methacrylate , polybutyl acrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyethylene-co- (vinyl acetate), polyarylate, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide and a mixture thereof.
    [127] The oxide-based linear polymer can be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyoxymethylene, polydimethylsiloxane and a mixture thereof.
    [128] Also, the polymer support layer can be a porous layer that has a pore size of 0.01 to 10 µm and a porosity of 5 to 95%.
    [129] Such a porous structure of the polymer support layer can be formed by phase separation or by phase change using a non-solvent during its preparation.
    [130] For example, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene as a polymer is added to acetone used as a solvent to obtain a solution having 10% by weight solids. To the obtained solution, water or ethyl alcohol as a non-solvent is added in an amount of 2 to 10% by weight to form part of phase separated from the non-solvent and the polymer. Between these, the non-solvent parts become pores. Consequently, the pore size can be controlled depending on the solubility of the non-solvent and polymer and the amount of non-solvent.
    [131] However, the wire-shaped internal current collector 120, 220 is preferably made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper; stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on its surface; an aluminum-cadmium alloy; a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on its surface; or a conductive polymer.
    [132] Such a current collector serves to collect the electrons generated by the electrochemical reaction of the active material or to supply the electrons required for the electrochemical reaction. Generally, the current collector is made of a metal such as copper or aluminum. In particular, when the current collector is made of a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on its surface or a conductive polymer, the current collector has a relatively higher flexibility than the current collector made of a metal such as copper or aluminum. Also, a polymer current collector can be used instead of the metal current collector to reduce battery weight.
    [133] Conductive material may include polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfurnitride, indium tin oxide, silver, palladium, nickel, etc. The conductive polymer can include polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfurnitride, etc. However, the non-conductive polymer used for the current collector is not particularly limited to its types.
    [134] As mentioned above, when secondary batteries are subjected to external forces bending or twisting, a layer of active electrode material can be released from a current collector. For this reason, large amounts of binder components are used in the active material layer of the electrode to provide flexibility in the electrodes. However, large amounts of binder can easily be taken off due to swelling by an electrolyte solution, thereby deteriorating battery performance.
    [135] Therefore, in order to improve adhesion between an active material layer of the electrode and a current collector, the internal current collector 120, 220 or the external current collector 151 may further comprise a primary coating layer consisting of a conductive material and a binder. The conductive material and binder used in the primary coating layer may be the same as those used in forming the conductive layer, which will be described below.
    [136] Further, referring to Figures 6 to 8, the external current collector 151 may be in the form of a mesh, and may have a plurality of recesses, at least on one surface thereof, to further increase its area of surface. Recesses can be continuously shaped or intermittently shaped. That is, the continuously shaped recesses can be formed spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, or a plurality of holes can be formed in the form of intermittent patterns. The plurality of holes can be circular or polygonal in shape. In addition, the inner current collector 120, 220 may have a plurality of recesses, similar to the outer current collector 151.
    [137] Such an external current collector 151 may be made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper; stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on its surface; an aluminum-cadmium alloy; a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on its surface; a conductive polymer; a metal binder comprising metal powders of Ni, Al, Au, Ag, Pd/Ag, Cr, Ta, Cu, Ba or ITO; or a carbon binder comprising carbon powders from graphite, carbon black or carbon nanotube.
    [138] However, the first support layer 154 may be a porous mesh-shaped membrane or a non-woven fabric. Such a porous structure allows for good introduction of an electrolyte solution into the active material layer of the outer electrode 152, and likewise the first support layer 154 itself has superior impregnation of the electrolyte solution to provide good ionic conductivity thereby preventing , an electrode resistance rise and eventually preventing deterioration of battery performances.
    [139] The first backing layer 154 can be made from any one selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyterephthalate. ethylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate, and a mixture thereof.
    [140] Also, the first support layer 154 may further comprise a coating layer of conductive material that has a conductive material and a binder on the upper surface thereof. The conductive material coating layer works to improve the conductivity of an active material layer of the electrode and to reduce the electrode resistance, thereby preventing deterioration of battery performance.
    [141] The conductive material and binder used in the conductive material coating layer may be the same as that used in the formation of the conductive layer, which will be described below.
    [142] Such a conductive material coating layer is more favorable when applied to a cathode because a layer of the cathode active material has low conductivity to intensify performance deterioration due to rising electrode resistance, than to an anode whose layer of the active material has relatively good conductivity even in the absence of the conductive material coating layer to exhibit performances similar to conventional anodes.
    [143] In the conductive material coating layer, the conductive material and the binder can be present in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 99:1. The use of large amounts of binder can induce a severe rise in electrode resistance. Consequently, when such a numerical scale is satisfied, the electrode resistance can be prevented from its severe rise. Also, as mentioned above, since the first support layer acts as a buffer that can prevent the release of a layer of active material from the electrode, the electrode flexibility is largely unaffected by using the binder in a relatively small amount. .
    [144] However, the second backing layer 155 can be a polymer film that can be made of any one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, polyamide, and a mixture of these.
    [145] The conductive layer 153 can be formed from a mixture of the conductive material and the binder in a weight ratio of 1:10 to 8:10.
    [146] Also, the conductive layer 155 can have a porous structure for good introduction of an electrolyte solution into an active material layer of the electrode, and have a pore size of 0.01 to 5 µm and a porosity of 5 to 70%.
    [147] The conductive material used in the conductive layer can comprise any one selected from the group consisting of carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene and a mixture thereof.
    [148] The binder used in the conductive layer can be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichlorethylene, polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile , polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyethylene-co-(vinyl acetate), polyethylene oxide, polyarylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, carboxymethyl cellulose, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, polyimide and a mixture thereof.
    [149] However, the core 110, 210 for supplying lithium ions comprises an electrolyte that is not particularly limited to its types and can be selected from a non-aqueous solution of electrolyte using ethylcarbonate (EC), propylcarbonate ( PC), butylcarbonates (BC), vinylene carbonate (CV), diethylcarbonate (DEC), dimethylcarbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), methyl formate (FM), Y-butyrolactone (Y-BL), sulfolane, acetate methyl or methyl propionate; a polymer gel electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN, or PVAc; and a continuous electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide, poly(ether imine) (PEI), polyethylene sulfide (PES), or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). Also, the electrolyte may further comprise a lithium salt which can be selected from LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, (CF3SO2)2NLi , lithium chloroborate, lower aliphatic lithium carbonate, lithium tetraphenylborate, and a mixture thereof. The core 110, 210 for supplying lithium ions can only consist of an electrolyte, and especially a liquid electrolyte can be formed using a porous carrier.
    [150] In the present disclosure, the inner electrode can be an anode or a cathode, and the outer electrode can be a cathode or an anode corresponding to the inner electrode.
    [151] The electrode active material layers of the present disclosure allow ions to move through the current collector, and ion movement is caused by ion interaction such as intercalation/deintercalation of the ions and the electrolyte layer.
    [152] Such electrode active material layers can be divided into an anode active material layer and a cathode active material layer.
    [153] Specifically, when the inner electrode is an anode and the outer electrode is a cathode, the active material layer of the inner electrode may comprise an anode active material selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, or carbonaceous material; lithium-titanium complex oxide (LTO), and metals comprising Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni and Fe; alloys of metals; an oxide (MeOx) of metals; a complex of metals and carbon; and a mixture of these, and the active material layer of the external electrode can comprise a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiCoPO4, LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2, LiNi1-xy-zCoxM1yM2zO2 (where M1 and M2 are each selected independently from the group consisting of EM Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg and Mo, ex, y and z are each independently an atomic fraction of the atomic-forming elements. oxide, where 0 < x < 0.5, 0 < y < 0.5, 0 ^ z < 0.5, and x+y+z < 1), and a mixture thereof.
    [154] Alternatively, when the inner electrode is a cathode and the outer electrode is an anode, the active material layer of the inner electrode becomes a cathode active material layer and the outer electrode active material layer becomes a layer of active material from the anode.
    [155] An electrode active material layer comprises an electrode active material, a ligand, and a conductive material and is typically combined with a current collector to construct an electrode. When the electrode is subjected to deformation, for example, bending or severe twisting by external forces, the active material layer of the electrode is released, thereby deteriorating battery performance and battery capacity. In contrast, in an electrode comprising the wound sheet-shaped external current collector of the present disclosure, such deformation is less induced because the sheet-shaped external current collector being helically wound has elasticity to disperse the applied external forces on the electrode. Thereafter, the release of an active material can be prevented.
    [156] In the present disclosure, the separating layer can be an electrolyte layer or a separator.
    [157] The electrolyte layer that serves as an ion channel can be made of a gel-type polymer electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PVdF-HFP, PMMA, PAN or PVAC, or a continuous electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene imine (PEI), polyethylene sulfide (PES) or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). The continuous electrolyte matrix is preferably formed using a polymer or glass ceramic as the backbone. In the case of typical polymer electrolytes, ions move very slowly in terms of reaction rate, even when the ionic conductivity is satisfied. Thus, the gel-like polymer electrolyte that facilitates the movement of ions is preferably used in comparison to the continuous electrolyte. The gel-like polymer electrolyte has poor mechanical properties and thus may comprise a support to improve the poor mechanical properties, and the support may be a porous structured support or a crosslinked polymer. The electrolyte layer of the present invention can serve as a separator, and thus an additional separator may be omitted.
    [158] In the present disclosure, the electrolyte layer may further comprise a lithium salt. Lithium salt can improve ionic conductivity and response time. Non-limiting examples of the lithium salt can include LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li, CF3SO3Li, (CF3SO2)2NLi, aliphatic lithium chloroborate, lithium carbonate lower, and lithium tetraphenylborate.
    [159] Examples of the separator may include, but not be limited to, a porous polymer substrate made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, propylene homopolymers, ethylene-butene copolymers, ethylene copolymers -hexene, and ethylene-methacrylate copolymers; a porous polymer substrate made from a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyacetals, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimides, polyether ether ketones, polyether sulfones, polyphenylene oxides, polyphenylene sulfides and polyethylene naphthalates; a porous substrate made from a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer; or a separator having a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate and comprising inorganic particles and a binder polymer.
    [160] In the porous coating layer formed from inorganic particles and a binding polymer, the inorganic particles are limited by the binding polymer (ie, the binding polymer connects and immobilizes the inorganic particles), and likewise the porous coating layer maintains the binding state with the first support layer by the binding polymer. In such a porous coating layer, the inorganic particles are filled in contact with each other, from which interstitial volumes are formed between the inorganic particles. The interstitial volumes between the inorganic particles turn into empty spaces to form pores.
    [161] Among these, in order for the core lithium ions to provide lithium ions to be transferred to the outer electrode, it is preferable to use a non-woven tissue separator that matches the porous polymer substrate made of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyacetals, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimides, polyether ether ketones, polyether sulfones, polyphenylene oxides, polyphenylene sulfides and polyethylene naphthalates.
    [162] Also, the cable-type secondary battery of the present disclosure has a protective coating 160, 260. The protective coating acts as an insulator and is formed to enclose the external current collector, thereby protecting the electrodes from moisture in the air and external impacts. Protective coating 160, 260 can be made from conventional polymer resins that have a moisture blocking layer. The moisture blocking layer can be made of aluminum or a liquid crystalline polymer which has good water blocking ability, and the polymer resins can be PET, PVC, HDPE or epoxy resins.
    [163] Hereinafter, the preparation of a cable-type secondary battery in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will be explained momentarily with reference to Figures 3 and 9.
    [164] First, a wire-shaped internal current collector 120 which has a layer of active material from the inner electrode 130 formed on a surface thereof is rolled to obtain a hollow inner electrode whose central part is empty.
    [165] The formation of the active material layer of the inner electrode 130 on a surface of the wire-shaped inner current collector 120 can be done by conventional coating methods, for example, by a galvanizing process or by an oxidation process anodic. Also, in order to maintain constant intervals, it is preferable to carry out coating methods in which an electrode suspension containing an active material is applied through a comma coating or a flat matrix coating. In addition, the electrode suspension containing an active material can be applied via dip coating or extrusion coating using an extruder.
    [166] Subsequently, a sheet-shaped separating layer 130 to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes is wrapped on a surface of the inner electrode.
    [167] Next, an external electrode is obtained in the form of a sheet by the following procedures.
    [168] Specifically, an external sheet-shaped current collector is provided and a second supporting layer is formed by pressing into a surface of the external sheet-shaped current collector (S1); the suspension containing an active material from the outer electrode is applied to another surface of the sheet-shaped outer current collector, followed by drying, to form a layer of active material from the outer electrode (S2); a binder suspension containing a conductive material and a binder is applied to the active material layer of the outer electrode, and then a first porous support layer is placed therein (S3); the resultant obtained in step (S3) is compressed to form a conductive layer that is adhered between the active material layer of the external electrode and the first porous support layer to be integrated with each other, thereby obtaining an external electrode in the form of a leaf.
    [169] Then, the outer sheet-shaped electrode 150 is helically wound on the outer surface of the separating layer 140 to obtain an electrode assembly, as shown in Figure 9.
    [170] Next, a protective coating 160 is formed to enclose the outer surface of the electrode assembly.
    [171] The protective coating 160 which acts as an insulator is formed at the most extreme part to protect the electrode from air moisture and external impact. The protective coating 160 can be made of a polymer resin that has a moisture blocking layer as mentioned above.
    [172] Then, an electrolyte is introduced into the empty space formed in the center of the inner electrode, to form a core 110 for supplying lithium ions.
    [173] Thus, the core 110 for supplying lithium ions can be formed by performing the introduction of an electrolyte solution after the protective coating 160 is formed on the outer surface of the electrode assembly. Also, the core 110 can be formed into a wire shape by introducing a polymer electrolyte using an extruder before forming the inner electrode into a wire-wound shape, it can be formed by providing a carrier and wire shape made of a sponge material and by introducing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution therein, or it can be formed by introducing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution into the void space of the inner center of the electrode after having supplied the inner electrode.
    [174] Finally, the introduction portion of the electrolyte solution is completely sealed to prepare a cable-type secondary battery.
    [175] Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.
    [176] A cable-type secondary battery in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure comprises an internal electrode; a separating layer that surrounds the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer sheet-shaped electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer and formed by being helically wound.
    [177] Furthermore, referring to Figure 10, a cable-type secondary battery 300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention comprises two or more cores 310 for supplying lithium ions, which comprise an electrolyte; two or more inner electrodes arranged parallel to each other, each inner electrode comprising one or more wire-shaped internal current collectors 320 which are wound to surround the outer surface of each core 310 for the supply of lithium ions, and a layer the active material of the inner electrode 330 formed on a surface of the wire-shaped inner current collector 320; a separating layer 340 that surrounds the outer surface of the inner electrodes to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes; and an outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separating layer, where the outer electrode 350 is in the form of a sheet comprising an outer current collector 351, an outer electrode active material layer 352 formed on a surface of the collector. of external current 351, a conductive layer 353 formed in the active material layer of the external electrode 352 and comprising a conductive material and a binder, a first porous support layer 354 formed in the conductive layer 353, and a second support layer 355 formed in another surface of the external current collector 351.
    [178] The outer electrode can be helically wound to enclose the separating layer.
    [179] In the 300 cable type secondary battery that has a plurality of internal electrodes, the number of internal electrodes can be adjusted to control the amount of charge of the active material layers of the electrode as the battery capacity, and a short probability -circuit can be prevented due to the presence of multiple electrodes.
    [180] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with specific examples. However, the description proposed herein is only a preferable example for the purpose of illustrations only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so it should be understood that the examples are provided for a more definitive explanation to an ordinary person skilled in the art. Example 1
    [181] 75% by weight of Graphite as an anode active material, 5% by weight of Denka Black as a conductive material and 25% by weight of PVdF as a binder were mixed to obtain a suspension containing anode active material. The suspension was coated on the outer surface of a wire-shaped Cu current collector having a diameter of 250 µm, to obtain a wire-shaped inner electrode having a layer of active material from the anode.
    [182] Four inner wire-shaped electrodes obtained above were helically wound so that they were crossed with each other to prepare a spring-like inner electrode whose center is empty, as a core for supplying ions. lithium can be introduced into this.
    [183] Then, a separator sheet was rolled to wrap around the outer surface of the inner electrode to form a separating layer.
    [184] However, an aluminum foil sheet was used as a current collector, and a polyethylene film was pressed onto a surface of the sheet to form a second supporting layer.
    [185] Then, another surface of the sheet was coated with a suspension containing active material from the cathode obtained by dispersing 80% by weight of LiCoO2 as an active material from the cathode, 5% by weight of Denka black as a conductive material and 15 % by weight of PVdF as a binder in NMP used as a solvent, followed by drying, to form a layer of the cathode active material.
    [186] Subsequently, a suspension containing conductive material obtained by mixing Denka black and PVdF in a 40:60 weight ratio was coated on top of the cathode active material layer, and then a non-woven PET screen to being a first support layer was placed on the coating, followed by compression, to obtain a laminate having the second support layer, the current collector, the cathode active material layer, a suspension layer containing conductive material and the first layer of support in order. The laminate obtained after compression was cut into a piece having a width of 2 mm, to prepare a sheet-shaped cathode for secondary batteries.
    [187] Then, the sheet-shaped cathode was helically wound on the outer surface of the separating layer to prepare an electrode assembly.
    [188] On the outer surface of the electrode assembly, a heat-shrink tube having a moisture blocking layer was applied and heat shrunk to form a protective coating layer.
    [189] Then, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution (1M LiPF6, EC:PC:DEC = 1:1:1 (volume ratio)) was introduced into the center of the inner electrode using a syringe, to form a core for the supply of lithium ions, followed by complete sealing. In this way, a cable-type secondary battery was prepared. Example 2
    [190] The procedures of Example 1 were repeated except that a mixture of PVdF-HFP (5%) at 10:90 (w/w) was coated on the inner electrode to further form a polymer support layer, thereby preparing a cable-type secondary battery. Comparative example
    [191] The procedures of Example 1 were repeated except that a wire-shaped Al current collector was wound on the outer surface of the separating layer, and the outer surface of the wire-wound current collector was coated with a suspension containing cathode active material obtained by dispersing 80% by weight of LiCoO2 as a cathode active material, 5% by weight of Denka black as a conductive material and 15% by weight of PVdF as a binder in NMP used as a solvent, followed by drying, to form a layer of active material from the cathode, thereby preparing a secondary battery of the cable type. Battery Performance Assessment
    [192] For cable-type secondary batteries prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example, 100 cycles of charge/discharge processes were performed with a current density of 0.3 C at a voltage condition of 4.2 to 2, 5 V. The change in battery capacity was measured with the current density being varied, and the results of this are shown in Figures 11 and 12.
    [193] As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the battery of Example 1 surprisingly exhibited improved cycle characteristic and rate characteristic due to its strength advantage compared to that of the Comparative Example. Battery Flexibility
    [194] In order to confirm the flexibility of the cable-type secondary battery prepared in Example 1, the battery was fixed between grips of a voltage tester, and then the procedure of folding and spreading the battery was repeated with variation of a distance between tightens on the scale of 1 to 6 cm at a speed of 500 mm/min. In this procedure, in order to confirm substantial battery flexibility, both ends of the battery were each connected with (+) and (-) terminals of a charge and discharge regulator and discharge was performed with a current density of 0.1 C.
    [195] Figure 13 shows a discharge profile over time, from which the battery in Example 1 was confirmed to exhibit stable performances over time. INDUSTRY APPLICABILITY
    [196] The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, in indicating preferred embodiments of the disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, as the various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art of this detailed description.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. Cable-type secondary battery (20, 100, 200), comprising: an inner electrode (21); a separating layer (24, 140, 240) around the outer surface of the inner electrode (21) to prevent a short -circuit between the electrodes; an external electrode in sheet form (25, 150, 250); the battery CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the separating layer (24, 140, 240) is laminated over the external electrode (25, 150, 250) to form an outer electrode-separation layer assembly, and the outer electrode-separation layer assembly is helically wound to surround the inner electrode (21); wherein the outer electrode is sheet-shaped ( 150) comprises an external current collector (151) and an external electrode active material layer (152) formed on a surface of the external current collector (151), wherein the external electrode (150) further comprises a first layer of porous support (154) formed in the active material layer of the outer electrode (152), where the first c The backing layer (154) is a porous mesh-shaped membrane or a non-woven fabric, wherein the first backing layer (154) is made of any one selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene , linear low density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate , and a mixture of these.
    [0002]
    2. Secondary cable-type battery (20, 100, 200), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode in sheet form (25, 150, 250) is in the form of a strip uniaxially extended .
    [0003]
    3. Cable-type secondary battery (20, 100, 200), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode in sheet form (25, 150, 250) is helically wound so that it does not overlaps across its width.
    [0004]
    4. Cable-type secondary battery (20, 100, 200), according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external sheet-shaped electrode (25, 150, 250) is helically wound with space within the length double its width so that it does not overlap.
    [0005]
    5. Secondary cable-type battery (20, 100, 200), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode in sheet form (25, 150, 250) is helically wound so that it is superimposed in the direction of its width.
    [0006]
    6. Cable-type secondary battery (20, 100, 200), according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode in sheet form (25, 150, 250) is helically wound so that the width of its overlapping part is within 0.9 folds of the width of the outer sheet-shaped electrode itself (25, 150, 250).
    [0007]
    7. Secondary cable-type battery (100), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode (150) further comprises a coating layer of conductive material comprising a conductive material and a binder on the first layer porous support (154).
    [0008]
    8. Cable-type secondary battery (100), according to any one of claims 1 to 7, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode (150) further comprises a second support layer (155) formed on the other surface of the external current (151).
    [0009]
    9. Cable-type secondary battery (100), according to any one of claims 1 to 8, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the external electrode (150) further comprises a conductive layer (153) between the active material layer of the external electrode (152) and the first support layer (154), the conductive layer comprising a conductive material and a binder.
    [0010]
    10. Secondary cable-type battery (20), according to any one of claims 1 to 9, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the internal electrode (21) is a hollow structure, whose central part is empty.
    [0011]
    11. Cable-type secondary battery (20), according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the internal electrode (21) comprises one or more internal current collectors in the form of wires being helically wound or one or more internal sheet-shaped current collectors being helically wound.
    [0012]
    12. Secondary cable-type battery (20), according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the internal electrode (21) comprises two or more internal current collectors in the form of a wire being wound together in parallel.
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    法律状态:
    2018-02-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-22| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-01| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-22| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/05/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    KR20130051562|2013-05-07|
    KR10-2013-0051562|2013-05-07|
    KR1020140054276A|KR101465165B1|2013-05-07|2014-05-07|Cable-type secondary battery|
    KR10-2014-0054276|2014-05-07|
    PCT/KR2014/004043|WO2014182059A1|2013-05-07|2014-05-07|Cable-type secondary battery|
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